Week 679: Silver, by Walter de la Mare

This is one of the first poems I ever remember learning, other than nursery rhymes, and I find it still has a certain charm, though it does come with mixed emotions. It was presented to us in an art lesson at primary school, and we were told to create our own painting based on the poem, which indeed cries out for illustration. Sadly, I could only watch as the boy next to me produced a rather fine effort while I suffered the agonies of the totally inartistic, who may have a perfectly clear vision of things in their heads but are quite unable to render this in any drawn or painted form. In retrospect I might perhaps have tried to pass off my smeary mess as being in the modernist vein, but I was innocent of such a possibility back then, so must endure the teacher’s head-shaking disapproval as she, recognising a lost cause when she saw one, passed silently by. But I still like the poem for the way it captures the gleaming utter stillness of the moonlit night.

For a note on Walter de la Mare see week 105.

Silver

Slowly, silently, now the moon
Walks the night in her silver shoon;
This way, and that, she peers, and sees
Silver fruit upon silver trees;
One by one the casements catch
Her beams beneath the silvery thatch;
Couched in his kennel, like a log,
With paws of silver sleeps the dog;
From their shadowy cote the white breasts peep
Of doves in a silver-feathered sleep;
A harvest mouse goes scampering by,
With silver claws and a silver eye;
And moveless fish in the water gleam,
By silver reeds in a silver stream.
 
Walter de la Mare

Week 678: The River in March, by Ted Hughes

A timely celebration of our sadly threatened rivers featuring a rich accumulation of images that in other hands might seem a little over the top but which Ted Hughes carries off by sheer brio.

The syntax of the last two lines is a bit elliptical, and I’m not clear if we’re talking about an actual salmon, leaping, or whether the salmon, the sow of solid silver, is the river itself, swollen with March rain and glittering in the spring sun, rising as if to behold the golden treasure of kingcups that it has bestowed on the land.

Either way the use of the word ‘sow’ here may seem odd, but it may or may not be relevant that historically a ‘silver pig’ was a hollowed out lead ingot filled with silver ore, as in the title of Lindsey Davis’s first Falco book set in ancient Rome and Roman Britain, ‘The Silver Pigs’.

The River in March

Now the river is rich, but her voice is low.
It is her Mighty Majesty the sea
Travelling among the villages incognito.

Now the river is poor. No song, just a thin mad whisper.
The winter floods have ruined her.
She squats between draggled banks, fingering her rags and rubbish.

And now the river is rich. A deep choir.
It is the lofty clouds, that work in heaven,
Going on their holiday to the sea.

The river is poor again. All her bones are showing.
Through a dry wig of bleached flotsam she peers up ashamed
From her slum of sticks.

Now the river is rich, collecting shawls and minerals.
Rain brought fatness, but she takes ninety-nine percent
Leaving the fields just one percent to survive on.

And now she is poor. Now she is East wind sick.
She huddles in holes and corners. The brassy sun gives her a headache.
She has lost all her fish. And she shivers.

But now once more she is rich. She is viewing her lands.
A hoard of king-cups spills from her folds, it blazes, it cannot be hidden.
A salmon, a sow of solid silver,

Bulges to see it.

Ted Hughes

Week 677: From ‘Tam Lin’, by Anon

This week one of the greatest and most magical of the Scottish border ballads, Child 39. It’s quite long, so I give just the more dramatic second half; the whole is readily available online, though versions may differ. The plot is this: young Janet is forbidden by her father to go anywhere near Carterhaugh, which is the haunt of the notorious Tam Lin, a knight who has been abducted by the fairy court and who is known for seducing young maidens. Being a typical teenager she promptly hoists her skirt up a little above her knee (they wore them longer in those days) and scuttles off to Carterhaugh as fast as she can go, where she meets Tam Lin and predictably comes back pregnant. Scorning her father’s attempts to marry her off respectably to someone else, she goes back to Carterhaugh and tells Tam Lin that he’s going to be a daddy so what about it? Tam Lin says OK but first you have got to release me from the fairy spell, and that’s not going to be easy… This is where our extract begins.

I think one reason why this ballad still resonates so powerfully is that so many today face in their own way the prospect of holding fast to a loved one throughout a series of transformations, whether caused by age or illness or dementia, though sadly, unlike in the ballad, there is for them no happy ending in prospect.

The ballad has been covered by numerous folk artists, perhaps most notably by Fairport Convention on their seminal 1969 album ‘Liege and Lief’.

From ‘Tam Lin’

‘Just at the mirk and midnight hour
The elfin folk will ride
And they that would their true love win
At Miles Cross, they must bide.’

‘But how shall I thee ken, Tam Lin
And how shall I thee know?
Among so many unearthly knights
The like I never saw?’

‘Oh, first let by the black, black steed
And then let by the brown
But haste ye to the milk white steed
And pull the rider down

For I’ll be on the milk white steed
With a gold star in my crown
Because I was an earthly knight
They gave me that renown

And they will turn me in your arms
Into a beast so wild
But hold me fast and fear me not
I’m the father of your child

And they’ll change me in your arms
Into the red hot iron
But hold me fast and fear me not
I’ll do you no harm

They’ll turn me in your arms, my love
Into an awful snake
But hold me fast and fear me not
For I’m to be your mate

At last they’ll turn me in your arms
Into the melting lead
Then throw me into clear well water
And throw me in with speed

And then I’ll be your own true love
I’ll turn a naked knight
Cover me with your green mantle
And cover me out of sight

My right hand will be gloved, Janet,
My left hand will be bare
Cocked up shall my helmet be
No doubt I shall be there.’

Gloomy, gloomy was the night
And eerie was the way
When Janet in her green mantle
To Miles Cross she did gae

About the middle of the night
She heard the bridles ring
Janet was as glad of that
As any mortal thing

First went by the black, black steed
And then went by the brown
But quickly she ran to the milk-white steed
And pulled the rider down

And thunder rolled across the sky
And the stars they burned like day
And out then spoke the Queen of the Fairies
Crying young Tam Lin’s away

They turned him to a bear so bold
Then to a lion wild
She held him fast and feared him not
He was the father of her child

And then they turned him in her arms
Into iron like hot fire
She held him fast and feared him not
He was her heart’s desire

They turned him, changed him in her arms
Into a hissing snake
She held him fast and feared him not
He was to be her mate

At last they turned him in her arms
Into the molten lead
She threw him into clear well water
And threw him in with speed

And then he turned a naked knight
She young Tam Lin did win
She covered him with her green mantle
As blithe’s a bird in spring

Out then spoke the Queen of the Fairies
Out of a bush of broom
‘She that has gotten young Tamlin
Has gotten a stately groom’

Out then spoke the Queen of the Fairies
And angry queen was she
‘Shame betide her ill-starred face
And an ill death may she die’

Out then spoke the Queen of Fairies
Out of a bush of rye
‘She has gotten the fairest knight
In all my company

If what I’d see this night, Tam Lin
Last night I’d understood
I’d have torn out thy two grey eyes
And put in two of wood

If what I see this night, Tam Lin
Last night I’d only known
I’d have taken out your heart of flesh
Put in a heart of stone

If I’d but half the wit yestreen
That I have bought today
I’d have paid my tithe seven times to Hell
E’er you’d been won away’

Anon

Week 676: A slumber did my spirit seal, by William Wordsworth

The perennial force and freshness of this short poem, that first appeared in the 1798 collection ‘Lyrical Ballads’, reminds us of how William Wordsworth may have become a bit of a bore in his later years but once blew like a great gale through the decorous drawing-rooms of eighteenth-century verse.

The identity of the poem’s subject is not known. It is generally grouped with the four ‘Lucy’ poems, but that doesn’t get us very far because there is no agreement as to who Lucy was, if indeed she was any more than a literary device. Yet the poem’s very anonymity helps to make its truth more universal: that we find it hard, even impossible, to contemplate the death of our loved ones until one day, perhaps suddenly, they are no longer there.

A slumber did my spirit seal

A slumber did my spirit seal
I had no human fears:
She seemed a thing that could not feel
The touch of earthly years.

No motion has she now, no force;
She neither hears nor sees;
Rolled round in earth’s diurnal course,
With rocks, and stones, and trees.

William Wordsworth

I wonder, incidentally, if A.E.Housman had this poem in mind when he used a very similar conceit in his own beautiful lyric, ‘The night is freezing fast’:

‘The night is freezing fast,
Tomorrow comes December
And winterfalls of old
Are with me from the past;
And chiefly I remember
How Dick would hate the cold.

Fall, winter, fall; for he,
Prompt hand and headpiece clever
Has woven a winter robe,
And made of earth and sea
His overcoat for ever
And wears the turning globe.’

Housman was certainly an admirer of Wordsworth, citing him in his famous 1933 Cambridge lecture ‘The Name and Nature of Poetry’ as one who spoke with the true voice of poetry, so it seems more than possible.

Week 675: Noth, by Ada Christen

These rather tart quatrains by the Austrian writer Ada Christen (1839-1901) may be seen as a useful corrective to last week’s piece by Heine and also as a reflection of the way in which mid-nineteenth century German literature was reacting again the Romantic movement that had dominated the early part of the century and turning instead to a kind of social realism. Of course, poets will always be preoccupied with what Robert Frost called ‘inner weather’, but it does no harm for them to be reminded from time to time that most of the world’s population has its hands full dealing with outer weather.

The translation that follows is my own.

Noth

All euer girrendes Herzeleid
Tut lang nicht so weh,
Wie Winterkälte im dünnen Kleid,
Die bloßen Füße im Schnee.

All eure romantische Seelennot
Schafft nicht so herbe Pein,
Wie ohne Dach und ohne Brot
Sich betten auf einen Stein.

Ada Christen

Need

All your cooing heart’s distress
Lasts not so long a woe
As winter cold in threadbare dress
And bare feet in the snow.

And all your soul’s romantic need
Makes far less cause for moan
Than without roof and without bread
To couch upon a stone.